According to statistics, sixty-six percent of U.S. adults are currently over weight. That number is expected to increase to seventy-five percent by 2015. Those numbers remain steady across both genders and all age groups and races.
Which really means, doesn’t it, that the new “average” body is in fact fat, and that an increasingly small minority of bodies actually reflect what the rest of us look like… making “fat” the new “thin,” albeit with unhealthy consequences.
Of course, the real question is why?
Some blame the U.S. “car culture” — we drive our children to schools wheras they once walked on their own; we hop in the car to drive to grocery stores because few are located within walking distance of quiet, suburban homes; we drive to and from work, spending longer and longer commute times (and often eating greasy, fast-food meals en route to save time).
By the time adults and children arrive home — mentally drained from the day, with housekeeping and homework still waiting — they’re often too tired to go for a walk, a bike ride, or to think about using the PS2 for something as strenuous as a half-hour of Dance, Dance Revolution.
It’s interesting to consider this information in light of the “French Paradox” — a national cuisine far more liberal with its use of butter, cream, cheese and other diet-killing fats… and yet a nation which until recently could boast that only 8 percent of its adult population was overweight. (That figure has since increased to 11%… still small in comparison with U.S. rates.)
Why?
Well, one thing I do remember from the time I spent in Paris was how very small life there was, much like in the U.S. in the 1950s. Laundry, dining, movies, groceries, hair stylists, book sellers, physicians and public green spaces were all within walking distance. Few people owned cars so if they needed to go somewhere further away than the 2- or 3-mile radius around their home they took the Metro… walking both to and from stops on either end of their journey.
Here in the U.S., studies have shown that a neighborhood’s composition can dramatically affect the weight of its residents:
* 90% of participants reported not walking at all. The average person in the study spent one hour or more per day in a car (driving or riding). Some spent more than five hours.
* People who lived in neighborhoods with shops and offices within walking distance were 35% less likely to be obese than people who lived in sprawling, residential-only suburbs.
* An average white male (height 5′10″) living in a compact community with nearby shops and services weighed 10 pounds less than a similar white male living in a low-density subdivision.
* Three out of every four people using mass transit had to walk to or from a stop, and were likely to get the surgeon general’s recommended 30 minutes per day of physical activity.
* For the average study participant, each kilometer walked (that’s just over a half mile) per day translated into an almost 5% reduction in the probability of being obese.
So why don’t Americans walk more?
The indoctrinated answer is that we’re lazy.
The real answer, however, may be that we can’t. Spread out neighborhoods, zoning and busy streets make it difficult, if not downright dangerous, to run errands on foot.
Wouldn’t it be wonderful if, rather than spending billions on waging “a war against obesity”, we spent the money instead helping cities help their residents by creating more pedestrian-friendly, “compact communities” which made walking not merely inviting but possible?